Simone
68cde01c9d
§1.4 — Replace loose IP ValidatePattern with per-octet regex in 4 scripts
(Invoke-CIJob, Invoke-RemoteBuild, Get-BuildArtifacts, Wait-VMReady)
§1.1 — Migrate all WinRM connections from HTTP/5985 to HTTPS/5986
- Deploy post-install.ps1: remove AllowUnencrypted=true; self-signed cert + HTTPS listener
already present; firewall rule restricted to 192.168.79.0/24
- Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1: assert AllowUnencrypted=false
- Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1: preflight uses TCP/5986; Test-WSMan -UseSSL -Port 5986;
New-PSSession -UseSSL -Port 5986; host AllowUnencrypted save/restore removed (not needed for HTTPS)
- Invoke-RemoteBuild, Get-BuildArtifacts: New-PSSession -UseSSL -Port 5986 -Authentication Basic
- Wait-VMReady: New-WSManSessionOption + Test-WSMan -Port 5986 -UseSSL
- Validate-DeployState, Validate-SetupState: Invoke-Command -UseSSL -Port 5986,
AllowUnencrypted check → false; AllowUnencrypted host-side removed from both
- Docs: PLAN, README, ARCHITECTURE, BEST-PRACTICES, HOST-SETUP, WINDOWS-TEMPLATE-SETUP,
LINUX-TEMPLATE-SETUP, TODO updated
§1.3 — SHA256 hash pinning infrastructure
- Assert-Hash function + $script:Hashes hashtable added to Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1
- Assert-Hash called after dotnet-install.ps1, python installer, vs_buildtools.exe downloads
- Hashes initialized to '' (warn-skip); must be filled before next snapshot refresh
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
312 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
312 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
# Windows Template VM Setup
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Procedura di provisioning della template VM **Windows Server 2025** che alimenta i linked
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clone usati per ogni job CI. Il template viene creato **una volta**; lo snapshot
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`BaseClean` è la base immutabile per tutte le build successive.
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**Prerequisito**: aver eseguito [HOST-SETUP.md](HOST-SETUP.md) (`F:\CI\` esiste,
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credenziali archiviate, ISO Windows Server presente).
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---
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## Architettura: tre script
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| Script | Dove gira | Scopo |
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| ---------------------------------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `template/Deploy-WinBuild2025.ps1` | **Host** | Opzionale: crea VM e installa Windows unattended da ISO |
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| `template/Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1` | **Host** | Orchestratore: copia + esegue Setup nel guest via WinRM |
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| `template/Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1` | **Dentro VM** | CI toolchain (user, .NET, Python, VS) + validazione hardening Deploy |
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| `template/Validate-DeployState.ps1` | **Host** | Valida stato post-Deploy prima di eseguire Prepare |
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| `template/Validate-SetupState.ps1` | **Host** | Valida stato post-Setup (Deploy + Setup) prima dello snapshot |
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**Confine Deploy / Setup** (refactor §7, 2026-05-10):
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- `Deploy-WinBuild2025.ps1` si occupa dell'**OS hardening** (Firewall, WinRM, UAC, Defender, UX tweaks, autologin Administrator, WU GPO locks). Se usato, Setup valida questi come Assert-Step senza re-applicarli.
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- `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1` si occupa della **CI customization** (utente `ci_build`, cartelle `C:\CI`, toolchain .NET/Python/VS, Windows Update lifecycle, cleanup, final gate).
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`Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1` apre una WinRM session, copia `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1` in
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`C:\CI\`, lo esegue, raccoglie l'exit code, valida lo stato del guest.
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---
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## Specifiche VM
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| Parametro | Valore |
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| ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| OS | Windows Server 2025 Standard/Datacenter (Core o Desktop OK) |
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| vCPU | 4 |
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| RAM | 6144 MB (6 GB) |
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| Disco | 80 GB thin provisioned |
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| NIC | **VMnet8 (NAT)** — internet richiesto per WU + installer |
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| VMX path | `F:\CI\Templates\WinBuild\CI-WinBuild.vmx` |
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| ISO | Windows Server 2025 (da `F:\CI\ISO\`) |
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---
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## Fase A — Crea la VM e installa Windows
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### A.1 Crea VM in VMware Workstation
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- File → New Virtual Machine → Custom
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- Hardware: 4 vCPU, 6144 MB, 80 GB thin
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- Network: **VMnet8 (NAT)**
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- VMX: `F:\CI\Templates\WinBuild\CI-WinBuild.vmx`
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- CD/DVD: monta ISO Windows Server 2025
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### A.2 Installa Windows Server 2025
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- Edition: Standard o Datacenter (Server Core o con Desktop)
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- Activation: vedi A.4 (deve essere fatto prima dello snapshot)
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### A.3 Abilita WinRM dentro la VM
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Dentro la VM, come Administrator:
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```cmd
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winrm quickconfig -q
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```
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```powershell
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Enable-PSRemoting -Force -SkipNetworkProfileCheck
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Set-Item WSMan:\localhost\Service\Auth\Basic $true -Force
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# AllowUnencrypted left false — Deploy post-install.ps1 creates HTTPS/5986 listener
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# Basic auth is secure over HTTPS; host connects on port 5986 with -SkipCACheck
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Set-Item WSMan:\localhost\Client\TrustedHosts -Value '*' -Force
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```
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### A.4 Attiva Windows Server 2025
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**IMPORTANTE**: deve essere fatto **prima** dello snapshot. I linked clone ereditano
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l'attivazione.
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```cmd
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slmgr /dli
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```
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Se non attivato, scegli il metodo:
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- **KMS** (server in rete): `slmgr /skms <IP_KMS>` → `slmgr /ato`
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- **MAK/Retail key**: `slmgr /ipk XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX` → `slmgr /ato`
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- **KMS pubblico** (lab): vedi https://github.com/robin113x/Windows-Server-Activation/
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Verifica: `slmgr /xpr` — deve mostrare attivazione permanente o scadenza lontana.
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### A.5 Annota IP DHCP
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Dentro la VM:
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```cmd
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ipconfig
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```
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Annota l'IP `192.168.79.x` assegnato dal DHCP di VMnet8.
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---
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## Fase B — Provisioning automatico dall'host
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Dall'host (PowerShell elevato):
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```powershell
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cd N:\Code\Workspace\Local-CI-CD-System\template
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# Provisioning completo + registrazione credenziali automatica:
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.\Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1 -VMIPAddress 192.168.79.128 -StoreCredential
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# Se WU già applicato in precedenza:
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.\Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1 -VMIPAddress 192.168.79.128 -SkipWindowsUpdate -StoreCredential
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```
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### Cosa fa `Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1` — passo per passo
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Ogni step ha validazione `Assert-Step` (throw on failure, `[OK]` su pass):
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1. **Pre-flight**: script dir presente, `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1` presente, IP ottetti 0-255, TCP/5986 reachable
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2. **Configura host WinRM client**: aggiunge `$VMIPAddress` ai `TrustedHosts` (no `AllowUnencrypted` — HTTPS non lo richiede)
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- Salva valore precedente, ripristinato nel `finally` (host posture invariata)
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3. **Validazione host WinRM**: `TrustedHosts` include IP
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4. **Test connettività**: `Test-WSMan -Port 5986 -UseSSL -Authentication Basic` con credenziali admin
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5. **Apre PSSession** `-UseSSL -Port 5986` verso la VM
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6. **Crea `C:\CI`** in guest, valida creazione
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7. **Copia `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1`** in `C:\CI\Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1`, valida size match
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8. **Esegue `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1`** dentro la VM (vedi Fase C)
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9. **Gestisce reboot 3010**: se WU richiede reboot, riavvia VM e suggerisce re-run con `-SkipWindowsUpdate`
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10. **Post-setup remote validation** (9 check via singola `Invoke-Command`):
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- WinRM Running
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- User `$BuildUsername` exists + admin
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- UAC `EnableLUA=0`
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- Firewall tutti profili Off
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- .NET SDK installato
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- Python `C:\Python\python.exe` presente
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- MSBuild path presente
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- `C:\CI\{build,output,scripts}` presenti
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11. **Restore host WinRM** nel `finally` (sempre eseguito, anche su failure)
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### Parametri principali
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| Parametro | Default | Note |
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| --------------------- | -------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `-VMIPAddress` | (mandatory) | IP DHCP della VM su VMnet8 |
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| `-AdminUsername` | Administrator | Account admin built-in nella VM |
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| `-AdminPassword` | (prompt) | Se vuoto, prompt SecureString |
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| `-BuildPassword` | (prompt) | Password per `ci_build` — mai hard-codare |
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| `-BuildUsername` | ci_build | Account CI dentro la VM |
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| `-DotNetSdkVersion` | 10.0 | Channel .NET SDK |
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| `-SkipWindowsUpdate` | (off) | Pass-through a Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1 |
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| `-StoreCredential` | (off) | Registra `BuildUsername`/`BuildPassword` in Windows Credential Manager |
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| `-CredentialTarget` | BuildVMGuest | Target Credential Manager (deve corrispondere a quanto usato da Invoke-CIJob) |
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---
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## Fase C — Cosa fa `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1` (dentro la VM)
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Eseguito automaticamente da Prepare in Fase B. Steps 1/2/3/4b/5b/5c sono
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**validation-only** — verificano che Deploy abbia già applicato l'hardening OS.
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Steps 4/5/6/6b/7-10 eseguono la CI customization effettiva.
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Ogni step ha validazione `Assert-Step` (throw on failure).
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```
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Step 1 Firewall: validation only — Deploy disabled all profiles [Assert-Step]
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Step 2 Defender: validation only — Deploy set DisableAntiSpyware GPO + RTP off [Assert-Step]
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Step 3 WinRM: validation only — Deploy set Basic/Unencrypted/MaxMem/Timeout [Assert-Step]
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Step 4 Build user account (ci_build, admin, no expire) ── crea utente CI
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Step 4b UAC: validation only — Deploy set EnableLUA=0 + TokenFilterPolicy [Assert-Step]
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Step 5 CI dirs: C:\CI\{build, output, scripts} ── C:\CI deve esistere prima di WU
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Step 5b Explorer LaunchTo=1: validation only — Deploy set HKCU + Default hive [Assert-Step]
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Step 5c CI UX hardening: validation only — Deploy set lock screen, SM policy/task,
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DisableCAD, OOBE, telemetry, autologin Administrator [Assert-Step]
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Step 6 Windows Update via Scheduled Task SYSTEM ── clears Deploy GPO locks, runs WU
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Step 6b Windows Update permanently disabled (post-update lockdown)
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Step 7 .NET SDK install (channel via dotnet-install.ps1)
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Step 8 Python install (3.13.3, all-users, C:\Python)
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Step 9 VS Build Tools 2026 via Scheduled Task SYSTEM
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Step 10 Toolchain cross-check (dotnet, python, msbuild)
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Cleanup cleanmgr /sagerun:1 + DISM /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
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Final Pre-snapshot gate — 7 check cross-cutting + no installer leftover
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```
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### Razionale dell'ordine
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- **Steps 1-3 (validazioni)** — verificano prima le precondizioni Deploy (firewall off,
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Defender off, WinRM pronto) in modo che i failure emergano subito, non a metà toolchain.
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- **User + UAC (4/4b)** — crea `ci_build`; valida UAC off (set da Deploy); UAC off prima
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di dir/tool evita prompt di elevazione negli step 7-9.
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- **CI dirs prima di WU (Step 5)** — il worker WU scrive file temp in `C:\CI\`
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(`wu_worker.ps1`, `wu_result.txt`, ecc.); la directory deve esistere prima.
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- **UI tweaks (5b/5c)** — validazioni registro rapide; raggruppate prima di WU (lento).
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- **WU (Step 6)** — clears i GPO lock di Deploy (Step A), avvia COM API via SYSTEM task,
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poi Step 6b re-disabilita tutto → snapshot cattura WU permanentemente off.
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- **Toolchain (7-9) last** — WU completato, nessun scan su payload installer.
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### Validazioni per step (sintesi)
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| Step | Natura | Check chiave |
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| ---- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| 1 | Assert | `Get-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain/Private/Public → Enabled=False` |
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| 2 | Assert | GPO DisableAntiSpyware=1 (set da Deploy) |
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| 3 | Assert | WinRM Running+Automatic, AllowUnencrypted=false (HTTPS-only), Auth/Basic=true, MaxMem≥2048 |
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| 4 | Operativo | User exists, enabled, PasswordNeverExpires, member of Administrators |
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| 4b | Assert | EnableLUA=0, LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy=1 |
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| 5 | Operativo | Ogni dir Test-Path -PathType Container |
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| 5b | Assert | HKCU LaunchTo=1 |
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| 5c | Assert+Op | NoLockScreen=1, SM policy DoNotOpenAtLogon=1, SM task Disabled, DisableCAD=1, OOBE DisablePrivacyExperience=1, AllowTelemetry=0; AutoAdminLogon=1+DefaultUserName=Administrator re-affermati se assenti (Windows OOBE può resettarli al primo boot) |
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| 6 | Operativo | ResultCode ∈ {0,2,3}, no reboot required (else exit 3010) |
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| 6b | Operativo | wuauserv StartType=Disabled, NoAutoUpdate=1, DisableWindowsUpdateAccess=1 |
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| 7 | Operativo | `dotnet --version` channel match, machine PATH contiene `C:\dotnet` |
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| 8 | Operativo | `C:\Python\python.exe` esiste, version match esatto, PATH contiene `C:\Python` |
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| 9 | Operativo | MSBuild.exe esiste, esegue, PATH, `\VC\` dir presente |
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| 10 | Operativo | dotnet+python+msbuild tutti risolvibili (throw) |
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| Final| Cross-cut | WinRM, firewall, user+admin, UAC, WU disabled, tutti tool, no leftover installer in `C:\CI` |
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---
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## Fase D — Snapshot
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**Solo se `Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1` exit 0** (tutti gli `Assert-Step` passati):
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1. **Spegni la VM**: Start → Shut down (graceful, non hard-stop)
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2. **Take snapshot** in VMware Workstation:
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- VM → Snapshot → Take Snapshot
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- **Nome esatto: `BaseClean`** (case-sensitive, usato da `New-BuildVM.ps1`)
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3. **Lascia la VM spenta** — non modificarla mai più dopo lo snapshot
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4. **Verifica `runner/config.yaml`**: `GITEA_CI_TEMPLATE_PATH=F:\CI\Templates\WinBuild\CI-WinBuild.vmx`
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---
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## Validation scripts standalone
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Due script per validare il guest in punti specifici del flusso, indipendentemente da
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Prepare. Utili per debug, re-verifica dopo modifiche manuali, e CI automatizzata.
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### Dopo Deploy — prima di Prepare
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```powershell
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.\template\Validate-DeployState.ps1 -VMIPAddress 192.168.79.129
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```
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Controlla: Firewall off, Defender GPO, WinRM (Running/Automatic/AllowUnencrypted/Basic/MaxMem),
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UAC off, Explorer LaunchTo, NoLockScreen, Server Manager (policy+HKLM+task+HKCU),
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DisableCAD, OOBE, AllowTelemetry, **AutoAdminLogon=1**, WU GPO, wuauserv/UsoSvc=Manual.
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### Dopo Prepare — prima di snapshot
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```powershell
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.\template\Validate-SetupState.ps1 -VMIPAddress 192.168.79.129
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```
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Tutti i check Deploy + ci_build (exists/enabled/admin/PasswordNeverExpires),
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`C:\CI\{build,output,scripts}`, wuauserv/UsoSvc=Disabled, WU GPO,
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.NET SDK channel match, Python version match, MSBuild present, no leftover installer files.
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Exit 0 = tutto OK. Exit 1 = almeno un check fallito (output indica quale).
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---
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## Fase E — Verifica finale
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Dall'host:
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```powershell
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# Test creazione clone manuale
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cd N:\Code\Workspace\Local-CI-CD-System\scripts
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.\New-BuildVM.ps1 -JobId 'smoke-test'
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# Verifica WinRM raggiungibile sul clone
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.\Wait-VMReady.ps1 -JobId 'smoke-test' -TimeoutSec 120
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# Cleanup
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.\Remove-BuildVM.ps1 -JobId 'smoke-test'
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```
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Se i 3 step exit 0 → template pronto per produzione.
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---
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## Maintenance — refresh semestrale
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Il template va rinfrescato ogni ~180 giorni (KMS lease) o quando serve aggiornare la
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toolchain (.NET, VS Build Tools, Python).
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**Procedura**:
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1. Power on della template VM (NIC: VMnet8 NAT)
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2. Riattiva: `slmgr /ato`
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3. Re-run `Prepare-WinBuild2025.ps1` per applicare update toolchain (passare flag opportuni)
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4. Shut down + nuovo snapshot **versionato**: `BaseClean_<yyyyMMdd>` (TODO §2.5)
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5. Aggiorna `GITEA_CI_SNAPSHOT_NAME` env var in `runner/config.yaml`
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6. Tieni i 2 snapshot più recenti, cancella vecchi dopo 1 settimana di uso pulito
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---
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## Troubleshooting
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| Sintomo | Diagnosi / Fix |
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| ------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `Cannot reach $VMIPAddress via WinRM` | VM non avviata, WinRM non abilitato, IP errato — verifica con ipconfig |
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| `Setup-WinBuild2025.ps1 exited with code 3010`| Reboot richiesto post-WU. Re-run con `-SkipWindowsUpdate` |
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| `[Defender] Validation failed: GPO key` | Defender riattivato da Windows Update — disabilita via gpedit + reboot |
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| `VS Build Tools installation timed out` | Network slow o cache corrotta. Re-run con cache pulita (`C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\VisualStudio\Packages`) |
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| `Python version match` fail | `$PythonVersion` ≠ versione installata. Aggiorna param o reinstalla |
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| Post-setup `MSBuild not found` | VS install fallita silenziosa. Check `C:\CI\vs_log.txt` |
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| Pre-snapshot Final check fail | Stato VM rotto — non prendere snapshot. Re-run o ricomincia da zero |
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---
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## Backlog correlato (TODO.md)
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- **§1.1 [P0]** Migrare WinRM da HTTP/Basic a HTTPS/5986 con cert self-signed nel template
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- **§1.3 [P0]** Pinning hash SHA256 degli installer (Python, dotnet-install.ps1, vs_buildtools.exe)
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- **§1.6 [P2]** Documentare threat model per Defender/Firewall/UAC tutti off
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- **§2.5 [P1]** Snapshot versionato `BaseClean_<yyyyMMdd>` (rollback in caso di refresh rotto)
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- **§2.6 [P2]** Backup automatico VMDK template pre-snapshot
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- **In-VM Git Clone** — installare Git for Windows + 7-Zip nel template per ottimizzare flusso
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